\n1. The birth of the OS and its overview (briefly, without fear of misunderstanding)
\n\uff08\uff11\uff09OS\u306e\u8a95\u751f
\n\u30001964\u5e74<\/a>\u767a\u8868\u306eIBM System\/360<\/a>\u30b7\u30ea\u30fc\u30ba\u306b\u642d\u8f09\u3055\u308c\u305fOS\/360<\/a>\u304a\u3088\u3073DOS\/360<\/a>\u306f\u4e16\u754c\u521d\u306e\u5546\u7528\u30aa\u30da\u30ec\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3068\u3055\u308c\u3001\u5358\u4e00\u306eOS\u30b7\u30ea\u30fc\u30ba<\/b>\u3067\u5e45\u5e83\u3044\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\uff08\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u5bb9\u91cf\u3001\u4fa1\u683c\u5e2f\uff09\u3068\u5468\u8fba\u6a5f\u5668\u3092\u7a3c\u50cd\u3055\u305b\u3001\u66f4\u306b\u30cf\u30fc\u30c9\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30af\u30c9\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6<\/a>\u3092\u30b5\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3057\u3001\u672c\u683c\u7684\u306a\uff08\u30d7\u30ea\u30a8\u30f3\u30d7\u30c6\u30a3\u30d6<\/a>\u306a\uff09\u30de\u30eb\u30c1\u30bf\u30b9\u30af<\/a><\/b>\u3092\u5b9f\u73fe\u3057\u305f\u3002\u300c\u30aa\u30da\u30ec\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7528\u8a9e\u304c\u4e00\u822c\u5316\u3057\u305f\u306e\u3082OS\/360\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\uff08Wikipedia-ja\uff09
\n(1) Birth of the OS
\n\u3000OS\/360 and DOS\/360 on the IBM System\/360 series released in 1964 were considered the world’s first commercial operating systems, allowing a wide range of models (performance, capacity, and price range) and peripherals to run on a single OS series, as well as support for hard disk drives and full-scale (preemptive) multitasking. It also supported hard disk drives and enabled full-scale (pre-emptive) multitasking. The term “operating system” became commonplace with OS\/360. (Wikipedia-ja)<\/p>\n
\n\uff08\uff12\uff09\u305d\u3082\u305d\u3082BIOS(UEFI)\u306f\u4f55\u306a\u306e\u304b\uff1f \n\u3000\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001ACPI\uff08Advanced Configuration and Power Interface\uff09\u306f\u3001\u30aa\u30da\u30ec\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u304c\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u30cf\u30fc\u30c9\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u30b3\u30f3\u30dd\u30fc\u30cd\u30f3\u30c8\u306e\u691c\u51fa\u3068\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u30cf\u30fc\u30c9\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u30b3\u30f3\u30dd\u30fc\u30cd\u30f3\u30c8\u306e\u30b9\u30ea\u30fc\u30d7\u306a\u3069\u306e\u96fb\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u30d7\u30e9\u30b0\u30a2\u30f3\u30c9\u30d7\u30ec\u30a4\u3084\u30db\u30c3\u30c8\u30b9\u30ef\u30c3\u30d7\u306a\u3069\u306e\u81ea\u52d5\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u30b9\u30c6\u30fc\u30bf\u30b9\u76e3\u8996\u3092\u884c\u3046\u305f\u3081\u306b\u4f7f\u7528\u3067\u304d\u308b\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3\u306a\u6a19\u6e96\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002ACPI\u306f1996\u5e7412\u6708\u306b\u521d\u3081\u3066\u30ea\u30ea\u30fc\u30b9\u3055\u308c\u3001Advanced Power Management (APM), the MultiProcessor Specification, the PCI BIOS specification, [1][2] and the Plug and Play BIOS (PnP) Specification\u306e\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u3092\u76ee\u6307\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002 [3] \u96fb\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406\u304a\u3088\u3073\u8a2d\u5b9a\u30dd\u30ea\u30b7\u30fc\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306b\u30d7\u30e9\u30c3\u30c8\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30e0\u56fa\u6709\u306e\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u30e0\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u306b\u4f9d\u5b58\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u4ee5\u524d\u306eBIOS\u4e2d\u5fc3\u306e\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3001ACPI\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066OS\u5236\u5fa1\u4e0b\u306b\u3042\u308b\u96fb\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406\u304c\u5b9f\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u3002 \u3053\u306e\u4ed5\u69d8\u306fOS\u6307\u5411\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u304a\u3088\u3073\u96fb\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406 (OSPM) \u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b[4]\u3002ACPI\u306f\u3001\u30c7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9\u306e\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u30e0\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\uff08BIOS\u3001UEFI\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3001\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u30cf\u30fc\u30c9\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u30b3\u30f3\u30dd\u30fc\u30cd\u30f3\u30c8\u3001\u30aa\u30da\u30ec\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u9593\u306e\u30cf\u30fc\u30c9\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u62bd\u8c61\u5316\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30d5\u30a7\u30fc\u30b9\u3092\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059[5][6]\u3002 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\u3000\u3055\u3066\u3001\u3053\u3053\u306b\u7f6e\u3044\u3066\u3001\u4eca\u306eClover\/OpenCore\u304c\u81ea\u4f5cPC\u3092macOS\u306b\u898b\u305b\u304b\u3051\u308b\u5834\u6240\uff08EFI\u30d1\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\uff09\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308a\u3001\u307e\u305fACPI\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u66f8\u304d\u63db\u3048\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3092\u304a\u3053\u306a\u3046\u65b9\u6cd5\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0a\u304c\u3001BIOS\u306e\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3067\u3059\u3002 \uff08\uff13\uff09\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u3068OS\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066 \u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u3092\u7814\u7a76\u3057\u305f\u308a\u5909\u66f4\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3059\u308b\u6a29\u5229\u3092\u4fdd\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f\u3001\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u304c\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u306e\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\uff08\u3053\u308c\u304c\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u306e\u5909\u66f4\u3092\u884c\u3046\u305f\u3081\u306b\u9069\u3057\u305f\u5f62\u5f0f\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff09\u3092\u8aad\u3080\u3053\u3068\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3042\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3053\u3068\u306f\u300c\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u306b\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3067\u304d\u308b\u300d\uff08access to source code\uff09\u3068\u304b\u300c\u30d1\u30d6\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u306b\u5229\u7528\u3067\u304d\u308b\u300d\uff08public availability\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a00\u8449\u3067\u8a00\u3044\u8868\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3088\u304f\u3042\u308b\u304c\u3001\u30d5\u30ea\u30fc\u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u8ca1\u56e3<\/a>\u306f\u3001\u5358\u7d14\u306b\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u3092\u8003\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u53cd\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b[11]<\/a><\/sup>\u3002\u305d\u306e\u7406\u7531\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u3068\u3001\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u306e\u30b3\u30d4\u30fc\u3092\u4ed6\u8005\u306b\u4e0e\u3048\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7fa9\u52d9\uff08\u7fa9\u52d9\u3068\u306f\u6a29\u5229\u3068\u306f\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff09\u304c\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3001\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5370\u8c61\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u6050\u308c\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u6319\u3052\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n free software<\/i>\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a00\u8449\u306f\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u304c\u751f\u307e\u308c\u308b\u4ee5\u524d\u304b\u3089\u3086\u308b\u304f\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u304c[12]<\/a><\/sup>\u3001\u30ea\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u30c9\u30fb\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u30de\u30f3<\/a>\u306f\u3001\u5f7c\u304cGNU\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8<\/a>\u3092\u7acb\u3061\u4e0a\u3052\u305f\u306e\u3068\u540c\u30581983\u5e74\u304b\u3089\u3001\u3053\u306e\u8a00\u8449\u3092\u4e0a\u8a18\u3067\u8ff0\u3079\u305f\u3088\u3046\u306a\u610f\u5473\u3067\u4f7f\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3092\u4fc3\u3059\u81ea\u7531\u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u904b\u52d5<\/a>\u3092\u958b\u59cb\u3057\u305f\u3002GNU\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u306f\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u306e\u7cbe\u795e\u3092\u5c0a\u91cd\u3057\u305f\u30aa\u30da\u30ec\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3092\u5354\u529b\u3057\u3066\u88fd\u4f5c\u3059\u308b\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u9ece\u660e\u671f\u306b\u30cf\u30c3\u30ab\u30fc<\/a>\u305f\u3061\u306e\u9593\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3001\u4e92\u3044\u306b\u5354\u529b\u3059\u308b\u7cbe\u795e\u3092\u3088\u307f\u304c\u3048\u3089\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u76ee\u7684\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b[13]<\/a><\/sup>[14]<\/a><\/sup>\u3002(WikiPedia-jp\uff09<\/p>\n \u3000Free software is computer software that is distributed on condition that the user has permission to run it for any purpose, and also has the freedom to study the program, modify it, and distribute it. Free software is computer software that is distributed on condition that users have permission to run it for any purpose and also have the freedom to study it, modify it, and distribute it. Free software means that users have the freedom (individually or in cooperation with computer programmers) to use copies of the software to do what they want (including making a profit from it), independently of the price they paid for the program. That is, there is freedom to use copies of the software (in cooperation with computer programmers) to do what one wants (including profiting from free software). The necessary and sufficient condition for a computer program to be considered free is essentially that every user (not just the developer) has the right to control the program in the first place. Thus, in order for a user-owned device to be “free,” the user must essentially be able to control what is done by the program [6][10].<\/p>\n In order to guarantee the right to study and modify a computer program, it must be possible for the user to read the source code of the program (which is the proper format for making changes to the program). This is often expressed in terms of “access to source code” or “public availability,” but the Free Software Foundation is opposed to simply thinking of a program in these terms. 11]. The reason given is that using such an expression may give the impression that the user has an obligation (an obligation being the opposite of a right) to give copies of the program to others.<\/p>\n Although the term “free software” was used loosely before the concept of free software was born,[12] Richard Stallman started the free software movement in 1983, the same year he started the GNU Project, to encourage people to use the term in the sense described above. The GNU Project is a project to collaborate on an operating system that respects the spirit of freedom, with the aim of reviving the spirit of mutual cooperation that existed among hackers in the early days of computers[13][14]. (WikiPedia-jp\uff09<\/p>\n \u3000\u3053\u3046\u3084\u3063\u3066\u3001\u30d5\u30ea\u30fc\u306b\u63a2\u7a76\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4f59\u5730\u304c\u6b8b\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7d50\u679c\u3001Linux\u306a\u3069\u3082\u3046\u307e\u308c\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e\u30b9\u2015\u30d1\u30fc\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u3067\u3055\u3048\u305d\u308c\u3092\u63a1\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8003\u3048\u3066\u307f\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002 \u3000\u3044\u307e\u3067\u306f\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u3092\u5c0a\u3076\u30cf\u30c3\u30ab\u30fc\u7cbe\u795e\u306f\u3082\u3046\u53e4\u8a9e\u3068\u306a\u308a\u3064\u3064\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30ea\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u30c9\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u30de\u30f3\u306f\u3001\u3044\u307e\u3060\u306b\u30a2\u30b0\u30ec\u30c3\u30b7\u30d6\u306a\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8a00\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4e00\u756a\u5f7c\u3089\u304c\u6709\u540d\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u306e\u306f\u3001gcc\u30b3\u30f3\u30d1\u30a4\u30e9\u30b3\u30ec\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u3059\u3002C\u8a00\u8a9e\u306f\u3082\u3046\u53e4\u3044\u3082\u306e\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u57fa\u790e\u90e8\u5206\u306e\u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u6b20\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u305d\u306e\u4e0a\u306b\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u8a00\u8a9e\u5b9f\u88c5\u3059\u3089\u884c\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304f\u3089\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002 \u3000<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u3000\u75c5\u6c17\u4f11\u6687\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3061\u3087\u3063\u3068\u6642\u9593\u304c\u3067\u304d\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3001\u3053\u3053\u3067\u81ea\u8ad6\u3092\u542b\u3081\u5c11\u3057\u3060\u3051\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u3092\u611b\u3059\u308b\u30cf\u30c3\u30ab\u30fc\uff08\u3044\u3044\u610f\u5473\u3067\u306e\u30cf\u30c3\u30ab\u30fc\uff09\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001Hackintosh\u306e\u6b69\u304d\u65b9\u3092\u4f55\u7ae0\u304b\u307e\u3068\u3081\u3066\u304a\u3053\u3046\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u3000I’ve had […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2416,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jinr_url_youtube":"","_jinr_pip_youtube":false,"_jinr_time_youtube":"","_jinr_thumb_youtube":"","_jinr_media_youtube":"","_jinr_category_edit":false,"_jinr_category":"","_jinr_title_display":false,"_jinr_snsbutton_display":false,"_jinr_ads_display":false,"_jinr_thumbnail_display":false,"_jinr_profile_display":false,"_jinr_representations_display":false,"_jinr_relatedpost_display":false,"_jinr_sidebar1col_display":false,"_jinr_sidebar2col_display":false,"_jinr_seotitle_display":"","_jinr_description_display":"","_jinr_keyword_display":"","_jinr_hastag_display":"","_jinr_canonical_display":"","_jinr_noindex_display":false,"_jinr_paidpost":false,"_jinr_paidpost_product_id":"","_jinr_headtag_article":"","_jinr_ogp_image_url":"","_jinr_last_featured_id":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2414","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hackintosh","category-5"],"views":"0","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mifmif.mydns.jp\/alpha\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2414","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mifmif.mydns.jp\/alpha\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mifmif.mydns.jp\/alpha\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mifmif.mydns.jp\/alpha\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mifmif.mydns.jp\/alpha\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2414"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/mifmif.mydns.jp\/alpha\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2414\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mifmif.mydns.jp\/alpha\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2416"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mifmif.mydns.jp\/alpha\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2414"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mifmif.mydns.jp\/alpha\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2414"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mifmif.mydns.jp\/alpha\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2414"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\n\u3000(2) What are BIOS(UEFI) ? (A really primitive story)
\n\u3000BIOS\u3068\u306fBasic Input\/Output System\u306e\u7565\u3067\u3059\u3002\u4eca\u3067\u306f\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306aCPU\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u52d5\u4f5c\u3001\u5404\u7a2e\u30cf\u30fc\u30c9\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3092\u884c\u3046\u3068\u3053\u308d\u304cBIOS\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001CP\/M\u306a\u3069\u306e\u65e7\u6765\u306eBIOS\u306f\u305d\u306e\u540d\u306e\u901a\u308a\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u3068\u4e00\u7dd2\u306b\u52d5\u3044\u3066\u3044\u305f\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u306e\u4e00\u90e8\u3068\u3067\u3082\u8a00\u3063\u3066\u3044\u3044\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002
\n\u3000\u307e\u3060\u3001\u304d\u308c\u3044\u306a\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30d7\u30ec\u30a4\u3082\u306a\u3044\u3053\u308d\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30c6\u30ec\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7\u7aef\u672b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3001\u4e00\u7a2e\u306e\u81ea\u52d5\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7\u30e9\u30a4\u30bf\u307f\u305f\u3044\u306a\u3082\u306e\u304c\u5f53\u305f\u308a\u524d\u306e\u3001\u30ad\u30fc\u30dc\u30fc\u30c9\u5165\u529b\u3068\u51fa\u529b\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002
\n\u3000FDD\uff08\u30d5\u30ed\u30c3\u30d4\u30fc\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30af\u30c9\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\uff09\u306f\u4f55\u3068\u304b\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c8\u30a4\u30f3\u30c1\u306e\u304b\u306a\u308a\u5927\u304d\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3001AC\uff12\uff14V\u306eAC\u30e2\u30fc\u30bf\u30fc\u3067\u56de\u3059\u3068\u3044\u3046\u611f\u3058\u3067\u3059\u3002
\n\u3000\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3001BIOS\u306e\u5f79\u5272\u306f\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002
\n\u2460\u3000\u30c6\u30ec\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7\u7aef\u672b\uff08\u4eba\u306b\uff09\u6587\u5b57\u30921\u6587\u5b57\u5370\u5b57\u3059\u308b
\n\u2461\u3000\u30c6\u30ec\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7\u7aef\u672b\u304b\u3089\uff08\u4eba\u304b\u3089\uff09\u306e\u30ad\u30fc\u3092\u62bc\u30591\u6587\u5b57\u3092\u5f85\u3061\u53d7\u3051\u6253\u305f\u308c\u305f\u6587\u5b57\u3092\u5f97\u308b
\n\u2462\u3000FDD\u306e\u30c8\u30e9\u30c3\u30af\uff08\u5186\u5468\uff09\u30bb\u30af\u30bf\uff08\u66f8\u304d\u8fbc\u307f\u306e\u5834\u6240\uff09\u304b\u3089\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u3080
\n\u2463\u3000FDD\u306e\u30c8\u30e9\u30c3\u30af\uff08\u5186\u5468\uff09\u30bb\u30af\u30bf\uff08\u66f8\u304d\u8fbc\u307f\u306e\u5834\u6240\uff09\u304b\u3089\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u3080
\n\u7b49
\n\u3000\u7c21\u5358\u306b\u8a00\u3048\u3070\u3001IO\uff08\u4eca\u3067\u3044\u3046\u30cf\u30fc\u30c9\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u306e\uff09\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u30e0\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u3068\u30c9\u30e9\u30a4\u30d0\u307f\u305f\u3044\u306a\u5f79\u5272\u3092\u679c\u305f\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u3068\u4e00\u4f53\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u52d5\u3044\u3066\u3044\u305f\u306e\u304c\u59cb\u307e\u308a\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002
\n\u3000BIOS is an abbreviation for Basic Input\/Output System. Nowadays, the BIOS is where the basic CPU settings and various hardware settings are performed. However, the old BIOS such as CP\/M, as the name implies, was a part of the kernel that ran together with the kernel.
\n\u3000This was a time when there were no pretty displays. Teletype terminals, a kind of automatic typewriter, were the norm for keyboard input and output.
\n\u3000FDDs (floppy disk drives) were somehow available, but they were rather large (8 inches) and used a 24V AC motor to spin the disks.
\n\u3000Here, the role of the BIOS is as follows
\n(1) Print a single character from the teletype terminal (to a person)
\n(2) Waits for one character to be pressed from the teletype terminal (by a person) and obtains the character that was typed.
\n(3) Read from the track (circumference) sector (writing location) of the FDD
\n(4) Read from the track (circumference) sector (write location) of the FDD
\netc.
\n\u3000The ancestors of BIOS worked in unison with the kernel. This is my experience.
\n\u25cf\u3044\u307e\u306eBIOS\u306f\u5b9f\u306f\u3082\u3046\u305d\u306e\u5f79\u76ee\u306f\u306a\u304f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306aUEFI\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002
\n\u3000Unified Extensible Firmware Interface<\/b>\uff08\u30e6\u30cb\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30c9\u30fb\u30a8\u30af\u30b9\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u30d6\u30eb\u30fb\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u30e0\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u30fb\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30d5\u30a7\u30fc\u30b9\u3001UEFI<\/b>\uff09\u306f\u30aa\u30da\u30ec\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0<\/a>\uff08OS\uff09\u3068\u30d7\u30e9\u30c3\u30c8\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30e0\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u30e0\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2(\u30c7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9\u3064\u307e\u308a\u30cf\u30fc\u30c9\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\uff09<\/a>\u3068\u306e\u9593\u306e\u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30d5\u30a7\u30fc\u30b9\uff08\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u306e\u6a4b\u6e21\u3057\uff09<\/a>\u3092\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3059\u308b\u4ed5\u69d8<\/a>\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002
\n\u3000UEFI\u3092\u63a1\u7528\u3057\u305fSystem BIOS<\/a>\u306f\u300cUEFI BIOS\u300d\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u3001\u5358\u306b\u300cUEFI\u300d\u3068\u7565\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u3044\u304c\u3001\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u304c\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3057\u8a2d\u5b9a\u306a\u3069\u3092\u884c\u3046GUI<\/a>\u306fUEFI\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u300cBIOS\u300d\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u308b\u4e8b\u304c\u591a\u3044\u3002UEFI BIOS\u306fIBM PC\u4e92\u63db\u6a5f<\/a>\u306b\u63a1\u7528\u3055\u308c\u305f\u53e4\u3044System BIOS\u306e\u3088\u308a\u30bb\u30ad\u30e5\u30a2\u306a\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u3092\u610f\u56f3\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b[1]<\/a><\/sup>\u3002\u9060\u9694\u8a3a\u65ad\u3084OS\u304c\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u72b6\u614b\u3067\u306e\u4fee\u5fa9\u306a\u3069\u3082\u53ef\u80fd\u3068\u3059\u308b[2]<\/a><\/sup>\u3002\u300cBIOS\uff08\u30d0\u30a4\u30aa\u30b9\uff09\u300d\u3068\u306f\u7570\u306a\u308a\u3001\u300cUEFI\u300d\u306e\u8aad\u307f\u306f\u7279\u306b\u5b9a\u3081\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000
\n\u3000UEFI\u306e\u5143\u3068\u306a\u308b EFI<\/b> (Extensible Firmware Interface<\/b>) \u4ed5\u69d8\u306f\u5143\u3005\u30a4\u30f3\u30c6\u30eb<\/a>\u3068\u30d2\u30e5\u30fc\u30ec\u30c3\u30c8\u30d1\u30c3\u30ab\u30fc\u30c9<\/a>\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u958b\u767a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30022005\u5e74\u3001EFI 1.10\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066UEFI\u3078\u3068\u767a\u5c55\u3057\u305f\u3002UEFI\u4ed5\u69d8\u306f\u696d\u754c\u56e3\u4f53Unified EFI Forum<\/a>\u306e\u4e0b\u3067\u958b\u767a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002
\n\u3000UEFI\u81ea\u4f53\u306f\u5358\u306a\u308b\u300c\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30d5\u30a7\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u4ed5\u69d8\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30c3\u30b5\u306b\u4f9d\u5b58\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3053\u308c\u307e\u3067\u306eBIOS\u3068\u306f\u7570\u306a\u308a\u3001\u8fd1\u4ee3\u7684\u306a\u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u958b\u767a\u624b\u6cd5\u3092\u7528\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u63a8\u5968\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001C\u8a00\u8a9e<\/a>\u3067\u5b9f\u88c5\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u306a\u3069\u304c\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u3067\u3042\u308b[3]<\/a><\/sup>\u3002\uff08Wikipedia-ja\uff09
\n\u25cfIn fact, the current BIOS no longer has that role, but rather the following UEFI.
\n\u3000The Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) is a specification that defines a software interface (a bridge on the surface) between the operating system (OS) and the platform firmware (i.e., the device or hardware). UEFI is a specification that defines the software interface (surface bridge) between the operating system (OS) and the platform firmware (device, i.e. hardware).
\n\u3000The System BIOS that adopts UEFI is called “UEFI BIOS” and is often abbreviated as simply “UEFI”, but the GUI that users access and configure is often called “BIOS” even if it is UEFI. The UEFI BIOS is intended to be a more secure replacement for the older System BIOS used in IBM PC-compatibles [1]. The UEFI BIOS is intended to be a more secure replacement for the older System BIOS used in IBM PC-compatibles [1], allowing for remote diagnostics and repair without the OS loaded [2]. Unlike “BIOS”, “UEFI” has no specific reading.\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000
\n\u3000The EFI (Extensible Firmware Interface) specification, which is the basis of UEFI, was originally developed by Intel and Hewlett-Packard, and evolved into UEFI based on EFI 1.10 in 2005. The UEFI specification is being developed under the Unified EFI Forum, an industry group.
\n\u3000The UEFI specification was developed under the auspices of the Unified EFI Forum, an industry group, and is not dependent on a specific processor, as UEFI itself is merely an “interface specification. Unlike conventional BIOS, it is recommended to use modern software development methods, such as those implemented in the C programming language[3]. (Wikipedia-ja)
\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/mifmif.mydns.jp\/alpha\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/316px-Efi-simple_ja.svg_.png\")
\n\u3000\u3061\u3087\u3046\u3069\u5404\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u30e0\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\uff08GPU\u30ab\u30fc\u30c9\u306a\u3069\u306e\u30c7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9\u4e0a\u306eROM\uff08\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u307f\u7528\u8a18\u61b6\u88c5\u7f6e\u3084\u30de\u30b6\u30fc\u30dc\u30fc\u30c9\u306e\u30c1\u30c3\u30d7ROM\uff09\u306b\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u3066\u308b\u81ea\u5206\u306e\u8b58\u5225\u756a\u53f7\u3084\u53d6\u308a\u6271\u3044\u60c5\u5831\u7b49\uff09\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u8abf\u505c\u3057\uff08\u4e00\u90e8\u30bb\u30c3\u30c8\u30a2\u30c3\u30d7\u3067\u304d\u308b\uff09\u3068OS\uff08\u3053\u306e\u5834\u5408\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u3068\u3044\u3063\u3066\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\uff09\u306e\u6a4b\u6e21\u3057\u3092\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002
\n\u3000\u3058\u3063\u3055\u3044\u306b\u3001\u96fb\u6e90\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3068\u3057\u305f\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u3001OS\uff08\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\uff09\u306b\u9001\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u304cACPI\u306eDSDT\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3082\u306e\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u304cDSDT\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306eWikipedia-en\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\u3000In a computer, the Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) provides an open standard that operating systems can use to discover and configure computer hardware components, to perform power management e.g. putting unused hardware components to sleep, to perform auto configuration e.g. Plug and Play and hot swapping, and to perform status monitoring. First released in December 1996, ACPI aims to replace Advanced Power Management (APM), the MultiProcessor Specification, the PCI BIOS specification,[1][2] and the Plug and Play BIOS (PnP) Specification.[3] ACPI brings power management under the control of the operating system, as opposed to the previous BIOS-centric system that relied on platform-specific firmware to determine power management and configuration policies.[4] The specification is central to the Operating System-directed configuration and Power Management (OSPM) system. ACPI defines a hardware abstraction interface between the devices firmware (e.g. BIOS, UEFI), the computer hardware components, and the operating systems.[5][6]<\/p>\n
\n\u3000\u305d\u306e\u3068\u304d\u306bOS\uff08\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\uff09\u306b\u9001\u308b\u306e\u304cACPI\u60c5\u5831\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u4e3b\u306b\u3001\u3044\u308d\u3044\u308d\u306a\u30cf\u30fc\u30c9\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u60c5\u5831\uff08\u4e3b\u306b\u96fb\u6e90\u60c5\u5831\uff09\u3092\u53f8\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u304cDSDT\u306a\u3069\u306eACPI\u60c5\u5831\u3067\u3059\u3002
\n\u3000It is very difficult to understand. First of all, UEFI is a standard, not a program itself, and a program called BIOS protects the UEFI standard. The program with the efi extension in the EFI partition works according to each OS (kernel), reading the OS (kernel) and passing the ACPI data to it.
\n\u3000At that time, the ACPI information is sent to the OS (kernel). The ACPI information is sent to the OS (kernel) at that time, and it mainly contains information about various hardware (mainly power supply information). This is the ACPI information, such as DSDT.<\/p>\n
\n\u3000Now, we have a configuration with an EFI partition where the current Clover\/OpenCore is located. At the same time, you can rewrite the ACPI information and the way to build Kext. These are the basics of BIOS.<\/p>\n
\n(3) About the kernel and OS
\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/mifmif.mydns.jp\/alpha\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/220px-Kernel_Layout.svg_.webp\")
<\/a>
\n\u3000\u3053\u306e\u6a21\u5f0f\u56f3\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u306fUEFIBIOS\u304b\u3089\u306eACPI\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u3046\u3051\u8d77\u52d5\u3057\u305f\u5f8c\u3001\u3053\u306e\u56f3\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3001\u5404\u30cf\u30fc\u30c9\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u306b\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u5185\u306e\u30c9\u30e9\u30a4\u30d0\u3092\u4f7f\u3044\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u8abf\u505c\u3057\u3064\u3064\u3001\u591a\u6570\u306e\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u52d5\u304b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002
\n\u3000\u3082\u3068\u3082\u3068\u306f\u3001\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u304c\u7279\u6a29\u306e\u3042\u308b\u30a2\u30c9\u30ec\u30b9\u9818\u57df\u306b\u5c45\u3066\u3001\u30c9\u30e9\u30a4\u30d0\u3092\u3059\u3079\u3066\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3082\u3068\u3082\u3068\u306e\u5728\u308a\u65b9\u304c\u3001\u30e2\u30ce\u30ea\u30b7\u30c3\u30af\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u3067\u3059\u3002
\n\u3000\u3053\u306e\u306a\u304b\u3067\u3001\u3082\u3068\u3082\u3068\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u304c\u308f\u306b\u3042\u3063\u305f\u30c9\u30e9\u30a4\u30d0\u306e\u4e00\u90e8\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u5074\u306b\u79fb\u3057\uff08\u305d\u306e\u5206\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u304c\u5c0f\u3055\u304f\u306a\u308b\uff09\u3001\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u901a\u3057\u306e\u30e1\u30c3\u30bb\u30fc\u30b8\u3067\u8abf\u505c\u3059\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067\u3001\u3046\u307e\u304f\u7ba1\u7406\u3057\u52d5\u304b\u3059\u65b9\u6cd5\u304c\u30de\u30a4\u30af\u30ed\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u3067\u3059\u3002
\n\u3000\u3000This schematic diagram is easy to understand. After the kernel receives ACPI data from UEFIBIOS and boots up, it uses drivers in the kernel to manage and control each hardware and run many applications, as shown in this diagram.
\n\u3000Originally, the kernel resided in a privileged address space and held all the drivers. This original way of being is the monolithic kernel.
\n\u3000The microkernel is a way to move some of the functions of the drivers that were originally in the kernel to the application side (making the kernel smaller), and to manage and operate them well by mediating with messages through the application.
\n\u3000\u30e2\u30ce\u30ea\u30b7\u30c3\u30af\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u304b\u3089\u30de\u30a4\u30af\u30ed\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u3078\u306e\u79fb\u884c\u304c\u4e3b\u5c0e\u7684\u3067\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3002\u8abf\u505c\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u6642\u9593\u304c\u304b\u304b\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u624b\u653e\u3057\u306b\u826f\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3082\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u305f\u3081\u3001Windows\u3082macOS\u3082\u4e21\u65b9\u306e\u3044\u3044\u3068\u3053\u3069\u308a\u306e\u30cf\u30a4\u30d6\u30ea\u30c3\u30c8\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u3068\u3044\u3046\u65b9\u6cd5\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002
\n\u3000\u305f\u3060\u3001Linux\u306f\u3044\u307e\u306e\u3068\u3053\u308d\u30e2\u30ce\u30ea\u30b7\u30c3\u30af\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u3092\u901a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002
\n\u3000UNIX\u306e\u7cfb\u8b5c\u304b\u3089\u3044\u3048\u3070\u3001macOS\u306f\uff22\uff33\uff24\u7cfb\u306e\u30cf\u30a4\u30d6\u30ea\u30c3\u30c9\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9762\u767d\u3044\u7279\u5fb4\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u79c1\u306f\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002
\n\u3000The transition from a monolithic kernel to a microkernel was trend, though. Because of the time required for mediation, it was not a good idea to give it up, so both Windows and macOS have gone the way of a hybrid kernel, which is a good compromise of both.
\n\u3000Linux is currently running on a monolithic kernel.
\n\u3000In terms of UNIX genealogy, I think macOS has an interesting feature of a BSD-style hybrid kernel.
\n\u3000\u305d\u3057\u3066\u3001OS\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3068\u304d\u306f\u3001\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u3068\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u305d\u3053\u3067\u6271\u3046\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3001\u4e3b\u306b\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306a\u3069\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u6271\u3046\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u7fa4\u3092\u542b\u3081\u3066\u8a00\u3046\u3082\u306e\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002
\n\u3000And when we say “operating system”, we mean the kernel and a group of applications that handle the basic data there, mainly files.
\n\u3000
\n\uff12\uff0eOS\u3092\u72ec\u5360\u3057\u3066\u6a29\u5229\u3092\u7279\u8a31\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5229\u7528\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u306e\u512a\u4f4d\u6027
\n2. the advantage of monopolizing the OS and not using the rights as a patent
\n\u3000OS\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4ed5\u7d44\u307f\u81ea\u4f53\u3092\u3001\u6700\u521d\u306b\u958b\u767a\u3057\u305fIBM\u304c\u7279\u8a31\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7533\u8acb\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6a29\u5229\u3092\u3059\u3079\u3066\u72ec\u5360\u3057\u305f\u3089\u3069\u3046\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002
\n\u3000\u305d\u308c\u306f\u3001\u8003\u3048\u308b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u6050\u308d\u3057\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u308f\u308c\u308f\u308c\u306f\u3001\u4eca\u3042\u308b\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u306e\u81ea\u7531\u306e\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306b\u8ab2\u91d1\u3055\u308c\u3001GAFAM\u3092\u3046\u308f\u56de\u308b\u3001\u60c5\u5831\u7d71\u6cbb\u306b\u5229\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3089\u3002\uff08\u3042\u308b\u90e8\u5206\u3067\u8cac\u4efb\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u3067\u3001\u304a\u91d1\u3092\u53d6\u3063\u3066\u3001\u672a\u77e5\u306e\u30d0\u30b0\u3084\u3001\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u306a\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u306e\u8106\u5f31\u6027\u3092\u53d6\u308b\u30a2\u30c3\u30d7\u30c7\u30fc\u30c8\u3092\u914d\u308b\u306e\u306f\u610f\u5473\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\uff09
\n\u3000What would happen if IBM, the first company to develop the OS itself, applied for a patent and monopolized all the rights to it?
\n\u3000It would be frightening just to think about it. We would be charged by IBM for all the net freedom we have now, and IBM would have more assets than GAFAM. In addition, IBM will be used for information governance. (Though it does make good sense to take money and hand out updates that take care of unknown bugs and potential vulnerabilities to the net, in the sense of being responsible for how it works.)
\n\u3000\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u3053\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u4ed5\u7d44\u307f\u3092\u5171\u6709\u8ca1\u7523\u306b\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\uff08\u3082\u3063\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u3070\u30ce\u30a4\u30de\u30f3\u306e\u500b\u4eba\u7279\u8a31\u306b\u3057\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\uff09\u306b\u306f\u3001\u3042\u306e\u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30ba\u30e0\u3092\u5acc\u3046\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u3067\u3055\u3048\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u3053\u3068\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001OS\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8ca1\u7523\u3092\u5171\u6709\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306f\u3001\uff1c\u597d\u304d\u52dd\u624b\u3067\u304d\u308b\uff1e\u3068\u3044\u3046\u81ea\u7531\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u4e9b\u7d30\u306a\u610f\u898b\u3067\u3082\u62fe\u3044\u4e0a\u3052\u3001\u610f\u5473\u306e\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u51fa\u4f1a\u3048\u305f\u3089\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u3092\u3088\u308a\u3088\u304f\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u3067\u306e\u81ea\u7531\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3001\u5c11\u306a\u304f\u3068\u3082\u79c1\u306f\u8003\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002
\n\u3000\u3000However, in making this basic mechanism a common property (more specifically, not making it Neumann’s personal patent), even that communism-hating America has shared the property of OS as a necessary thing for freedom. However, it is not the freedom to “do as you please. At least I think it is freedom in the sense of being able to improve society by picking up even the most trivial opinions and encountering meaningful things.
\n\u3000\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3001\u30d5\u30ea\u30fc\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u304d\u3061\u3093\u3068\u77e5\u3063\u3066\u304a\u304d\u3001\u30d1\u30bd\u30b3\u30f3\u306e\u9ece\u660e\u671f\u306b\u3001\u30cf\u30c3\u30ab\u30fc\u304c\u5f79\u5272\u3092\u62c5\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304d\u305f\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002
\n\u3000Here, we want to make sure that you know exactly what freeware means, and understand the role that hackers played in the early days of personal computers.
\n\u3000\u81ea\u7531\u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2<\/b>\uff08\u82f1\u8a9e<\/a>: Free software\u3001libre software<\/span>\uff09[1]<\/a><\/sup>[2]<\/a><\/sup>[3]<\/a><\/sup>\u3068\u306f\u3001\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u304c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u76ee\u7684\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3082\u5b9f\u884c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8a31\u53ef\u3057\u3001\u307e\u305f\u3001\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u7814\u7a76\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3001\u5909\u66f4\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u914d\u5e03\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3059\u308b\u81ea\u7531\u3082\u8a8d\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u6761\u4ef6\u3068\u3057\u3066\u914d\u5e03\u3055\u308c\u308b\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b[4]<\/a><\/sup>[5]<\/a><\/sup>[6]<\/a><\/sup>[7]<\/a><\/sup>[8]<\/a><\/sup>\u3002\u81ea\u7531\u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u306b\u306f\u3001\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u306e\u5bfe\u4fa1\u3068\u3057\u3066\u652f\u6255\u3063\u305f\u4fa1\u683c\u3068\u306f\u7121\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u3001\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u304c\uff08\u500b\u4eba\u3067\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u3001\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30de\u30fc<\/a>\u3068\u5354\u529b\u3057\u3066\uff09\u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u306e\u30b3\u30d4\u30fc\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u3001\u81ea\u8eab\u304c\u671b\u3080\u3053\u3068\u3092\uff08\u81ea\u7531\u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u5229\u76ca\u3092\u7372\u5f97\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u542b\u3081\u3066\uff09\u3059\u308b\u81ea\u7531\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b[9]<\/a><\/sup>[3]<\/a><\/sup>\u3002\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u304c\u81ea\u7531\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u307f\u306a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u5341\u5206\u6761\u4ef6\u306f\u3001\u672c\u8cea\u7684\u306b\u306f\uff08\u958b\u767a\u8005\u306e\u307f\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\uff09\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u306b\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u3092\u30b3\u30f3\u30c8\u30ed\u30fc\u30eb\u3059\u308b\u6a29\u5229\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u304c\u6240\u6709\u3059\u308b\u88c5\u7f6e\u304c\u300c\u81ea\u7531\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f\u3001\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u4f55\u304c\u884c\u308f\u308c\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u3001\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u304c\u672c\u8cea\u7684\u306b\u306f\u30b3\u30f3\u30c8\u30ed\u30fc\u30eb\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044[6]<\/a><\/sup>[10]<\/a><\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\u3000As a result of this free room for exploration, Linux was born, and even many supercomputers have adopted it.<\/p>\n
\n\u3000\u5b9f\u3092\u3044\u3046\u3068\u3001\u8ff7\u8d70\u3059\u308b\u3001\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u306e\u4e2d\u3001\u304a\u4e92\u3044\u3092\u601d\u3044\u3084\u308a\u3001\u4fe1\u7528\u3057\u3001\u5206\u62c5\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3001\u5354\u529b\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u3044\u308f\u3086\u308b\uff1c\u4fe1\u7528\uff1e\u306e\u5927\u5207\u3055\u304c\u898b\u76f4\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3001\u30cf\u30c3\u30ab\u30fc\u6587\u5316\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u3066\u3001\u73fe\u4ee3\u7d4c\u6e08\u7406\u8ad6\u3084\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3067\u3055\u3048\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3060\u3068\u601d\u3046\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002
\n\u3000Nowadays, the hacker spirit of respecting freedom is becoming an old word. Richard Stallman is still talking about aggressive things. C may be old, but it is an indispensable language for basic software.It is an indispensable language for basic software, and there are even abstract languages being implemented on top of it.
\n\u3000To tell the truth, in the midst of the vagaries of neoliberal capitalism, the importance of “trust” is being reevaluated: caring for each other, trusting, sharing, and cooperating. I think this is something that is needed in modern economic theory and even democracy, beyond hacker culture.<\/p>\n